SCIENTIFIC ASPECTS AND TRENDS IN THE FIELD OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH

XALQARO HUQUQ VA DIPLOMATIYA

2024-04-06T13:41:24-06:00

Xalqaro huquq va diplomatiya bir-biri bilan chambarchas bog‘langan sohalar bo‘lib, ular davlatlarning global maydondagi xatti-harakatlarini tartibga soladi. Xalqaro huquq davlatlar o‘rtasidagi o‘zaro munosabatlarni, jumladan, inson huquqlari, savdo va qurolli mojaro kabi masalalarni tartibga solish uchun asos yaratadi. U vaqt o‘tishi bilan shakllangan shartnomalar, odatiy amaliyotlar va huquqiy tamoyillarga asoslanadi. Diplomatiya esa dialog, hamkorlik va murosaga kelish orqali muzokaralar olib borish va xalqaro munosabatlarni boshqarishni nazarda tutadi. Bu esa davlatlar o‘rtasidagi nizolarni hal qilish, ittifoqlar tuzish va milliy manfaatlarini ilgari surish uchun asosiy vositadir. Diplomatiya ko‘pincha shartnomaviy muzokaralar va diplomatik konferensiyalar orqali xalqaro huquqiy normalarni shakllantirishda hal qiluvchi rol o‘ynaydi.

CONSANGUINEOUS MARRIAGES AND ITS CONSEQUENCES

2024-04-06T13:43:37-06:00

The article analyzes data on consanguineous marriages and its consequences. A consanguineous marriage is a marriage between relatives of varying degrees. Close people have a higher chance of carrying the same alleles and therefore their children are more homozygous than those born from non-consanguineous unions. The harmful effects of consanguineous marriages are high. In this case, the frequency of autosomal recessive hereditary diseases increases significantly.

YOSH VOLEYBOLCHILARNI TEXNIK HARAKATGA O'RGATISHDA YONDASHTIRUVCHI MASHQLARDAN FOYDALANISH

2024-04-06T13:47:50-06:00

Sport amaliyotida o‘rgatish jarayoni serqirrali va keng qamrovli bosqich bo‘lib, o‘ziga xos uslublar, vositalar va pedagogik prinsiplar asosida amalga oshiriladi. Mazkur dissertatsion ish yosh voleybolchilarni texnik harakatlarga o‘rgatishda maxsus yondashtiruvchi mashqlardan foydalanish afzalligini tadqiqot asosida o‘rganishga bag‘ishlangan.

ORGANIZATIONAL AND ECONOMIC BASES OF IMPLEMENTATION OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC MANAGEMENT OF TERRITORIES

2024-04-06T13:50:25-06:00

This article presents ideas and considerations about the organizational and economic foundations of the implementation of social and economic management of territories.

IMPROVEMENT OF INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES IN THE CONDITIONS OF DIGITAL ECONOMY

2024-04-06T13:52:20-06:00

The article examines the issues of improvement of industrial enterprises in the conditions of digital economy. Proposals and recommendations have been developed to diversify the fuel and energy balance of the country through the widespread use of modern energy, in particular, renewable energy sources.

THE NEED TO DEVELOP THE ACTIVITIES OF ISLAMIC WINDOWS IN BANKS

2024-04-06T13:54:23-06:00

The development of Islamic windows in banks provides an opportunity to improve and strengthen the social protection system of the population in the process of transition to a competitive market economy. The introduction of the principles and definitions of this institution is of great importance at a new stage of the country's economic development.

This article analyzes the concept of the Islamic financial system, its characteristics and significance, its impact on the national mentality and public life, the principles of Islamic finance, the problems of opening branches and their solutions.

The article is based on research and legal analysis of Islamic finance. The ethical, legal, economic and personnel issues of the establishment of Islamic branches in the bank have been studied and the author's conclusions have been formed on this issue.

ВАЖНОСТЬ ОРТОФОТОПЛАНОВ В ВЕДЕНИИ ЗЕМЕЛЬНОГО КАДАСТРА В ЗАРУБЕЖНЫХ СТРАНАХ

2024-04-06T13:57:01-06:00

Одним из основных факторов развития экономики многих стран является рациональное использование содержащихся в них природных ресурсов. Земля является основным из таких источников. Использование информации о земле поможет составить план по увеличению ее урожайности, а затем предотвратить снижение качества земли.

TECHNOLOGY AND EDUCATION

2024-04-06T13:59:39-06:00

Technology has revolutionized the field of education, transforming the way students learn and teachers instruct. This article provides an overview of the impact of technology on education, highlighting its benefits and challenges.

"LOTIN TILINING AHAMIYATI VA ISTIQBOLLARI"

2024-04-06T14:01:40-06:00

Lotin tilining o'zining ahamiyatini, tarixiy, ma'nolari va bugungi kunda istiqbollari to'g'risida bir maqola yozishni tavsiya qilaman. Bu mavzu, tarix, ko'p o'qilgan so'zlar, lotin alifbosi va boshqa xususiyatlardan iborat bo'lishi mumkin. Maqolaning sarlavhasi: "Lotin Tilining Ahamiyati va Istiqbollari: Tarixdan Bugungacha". Ushbu mavzuda Lotin tilining tarixiy rivojlanishi, undagi muhitning o'zgarishi, xalqaro aloqalar va boshqa turli sohalar bo'lishi mumkin.

YANGI KONSTITUTSIYA-TARAQQIYOT QOMUSI

2024-04-06T14:05:02-06:00

Konstitutsiya» lotincha «constitutio» so‘zidan olingan bo‘lib, «belgilash», «tuzilish» degan ma’nolarni anglatadi, ya’ni Konstitutsiya jamiyat va davlat tuzilishini, davlat hokimiyati va boshqaruv organlarini tuzish hamda ularning ish faoliyati asosiy prinsiplari va vakolatlarini, fuqarolar asosiy huquqlari va burchlarini, jamiyat va shaxs o‘rtasidagi munosabatlarni belgilab beradi.

КОМПЛЕКСНЫЙ ПОДХОД СПЕЦИАЛИСТОВ ПО СОЦИАЛЬНОЙ АДАПТАЦИИ ДЕТЕЙ-ИНВАЛИДОВ

2024-04-06T14:06:36-06:00

По данным ООН, в мире насчитывается примерно 450 миллионов людей с нарушениями психического и физического развития. Это составляет 1/10 части жителей нашей планеты. Данные всемирной организации здравоохранения (ВОЗ) свидетельствуют, что число таких жителей в мире достигает 13% (3% детей рождаются с недостатками интеллекта и 10% детей с другими психическими и физическими недостатками) всего в мире около 200 миллионов детей с ограниченными возможностями.

ALGORITMLARNI ISHLAB CHIQISH USULLARIDAN FOYDALANISH

2024-04-06T14:08:07-06:00

Oddiy masalalarni yechishda ma’lum bir sxemadan foydalanishingiz mumkin. Matematikaning hisoblash matematikasida har xil hisoblash masalalarini yechishda ko‘p yillik tajriba to‘plagan bo‘limi mavjud.

OʻZBEK VA OZARBAJON XALQINING SEVIMLI SHOIRI

2024-04-06T14:10:06-06:00

Shayxzoda, badiiy ijodning barcha tur va janrlarida asarlar yozibgina qolmay, adabiyotshunos va tanqidchi sifatida ham samarali ijod qilgan.

ОСОБЕННОСТИ ПРОВЕДЕНИЯ ПОВЕРКИ АНАЛИЗАТОРОВ ПАРОВ ЭТАНОЛА ВО ВЫДЫХАЕМОМ ВОЗДУХЕ

2024-04-06T14:20:21-06:00

Проведен анализ современного состояния метрологического обеспечения поверки анализаторов паров этанола, проработаны информации о нормативных документаций и методиках поверки анализаторов.

BUGUNGI KUNDA ZAMONAVIY KASB TANLASHNING O’ZIGA XOS JIXATLARI

2024-04-07T00:01:34-06:00

Ushbu maqolada shaxsiy hayotdagi yutuqlar zamonaviy jamiyatda asosan uning kasbiy tanlovi bilan bog'liqligi muhokama qilinadi. Kasb tanlash - bu og'ir sharoitda omon qolish uchun, u allaqachon poydevor qo'ygan jixatdir. Tasavvur qiling, siz xozir yoshsiz, o’zingiz uchun kasb tanlash va zavq bilan ishlash juda qiyin, Shu bois sizga nima kerakligini tasvirlamoqchiman.

SFERA SIRTIDA JOYLASHGAN FIGURALAR YUZINI TOPISH USULLARI

2024-04-07T00:03:16-06:00

sfera sirtda joylashgan ikkiburchak va uchburchak tushunchasi, uning yuzasini topish masalasi qaralgan. Sferada joylashgan geometrik figuralarning xarakterli munosabatlarini trigonometrik formulalar orqali izohlash astonomiya va geodeziya sohasida ahamiyatga ega.

XORIJLIKLARGA O‘ZBEK TILINI O‘QITISHDA OG‘ZAKI VA YOZMA NUTQ KO‘NIKMALARINI RIVOJLANTIRISH

2024-04-07T00:04:46-06:00

Ushbu maqolada o‘zbek tilini chet tili sifatida o‘qitishda og‘zaki va yozma nutqni rivojlantirish bo‘yicha qilinayotgan amaliy ishlar va chet el fuqarolariga o‘zbek tilini o‘qitishda ayrim metodik jihatlar bayon etilgan.

MAKTABGACHA TA‘LIM TASHKILOTLARIDA STEAM TEXNOLOGIYASIDAN FOYDALANISH SAMARADORLIGI

2024-04-07T00:06:30-06:00

Maktabgacha ta`lim tashkilotlarida ilg`or xorijiy tajribani hisobga olgan holda bolalarni har tomonlama intellektual, axloqiy, estetik va jismoniy rivojlantirish sharoitlarini yaratish, maktabgacha ta‘lim sifatini oshirish, maktabgacha ta‘lim tashkilotlarida bolalarni maktabga sifatli tayyorlashni tubdan yaxshilash, ta‘lim-tarbiya jarayoniga jahon amaliyotida keng qo`llaniladigan zamonaviy ta‘lim dasturlari va texnologiyalarini joriy etish hamda STEAM texnologiyasidan foydalanishning samaradorligi haqida so`z yuritilgan.

PARDOZBOP QURILISH MATERIALLARI HAQIDA UMUMUY TUSHUNCHALAR, ULARNING AFZALLIKLARI VA KAMCHILIKLARI

2024-04-07T00:07:55-06:00

Ushbu maqolada pardozbop qurilish materiallari va ularning turlari, ishlatilishi, afzalliklari va kamchiliklari haqida ma‘lumot berilgan. Bundan tashqari pardozbop qurilish materiallar sanoati haqida ma‘lumotlar ham keltrilgan.

BADIIY ADABIYOT - MA’NAVIY YUKSAKLIKNING ASOSI

2024-04-07T00:09:25-06:00

Ushbu maqolada badiiy adabiyotning inson ma’naviy kamolotga yetishida tutgan o‘rni haqida Chingiz Aytmatovning “Asrga tatigulik kun” nomli asari asosida yoritishga harakat qilingan. Asar ko‘plab tillarga tarjima qilinganligi bois, ko‘plab kitobxonlarning qalbidan joy olgan.

FEATURES OF HEART RATE VARIABILITY IN CHILDREN WITH NEUROCULATORY CARDIAC DYSTONIA

2024-04-07T00:11:26-06:00

The article evaluates circadian rhythms and heart rate variability in urban and suburban adolescents with similar neurocirculatory dystonia. In children with neurocirculatory dystonia (NCD), a decrease in parasympathetic effects was found using the heart rate variability method. In children with NCD, the overall influence of regulatory factors on heart rate and overall variability of cardiac intervals during orthostatic examination, activity and reactivity of the parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system were lower than control values with increasing stress. index. The observed changes in circadian rhythm and rhythm variability in urban adolescents compared to rural adolescents are associated with living in an industrial area, environmental criteria, diet and additional information load, which is essential for further research.

AVTOMOBILDAN CHIQADIGAN TURLI ZARARLI VA ZAHARLI MODDALARNING EKOLOGIYAGA TA'SIRI

2024-04-07T00:13:18-06:00

Shuni takidlash lozimki Transport-yo‘l majmuasi atrof-muhitni ifloslantiruvchi kuchli manba hisoblanadi. 35 million tonna zararli chiqindilarning 89 foizi avtomobil transporti va yo'l quilishi korxonalari chigindilari hisoblanadi. Suv havzalarining ifloslanishida transportning roli katta. Bundan tashgari, transport shaharlardagi shovginning asosiy manbalaridan biri bo atrof-muhitning termal ifloslanishiga sezilarli hissa qo shadi. Rossiyada avtomobil transportidan chigadigan chigindilar viliga 22 million tonnani tashkil qiladi. Ichki yonuv dvigatellarining chiqindi gazlari 200 dan ortiq turdagi zararli moddalarni o'z ichiga oladi. Neft mahsulotlari, shinalar va tormoz prokladkalarining eskirgan mahsulotlari,quyma va changli yuklar, muzdan tozalash vositasi sifatida ishiatiladigan xloridlar yo‘l chetlari va suv havzalarini ifloslantiradi kunda insoniyat sivilizatsiyasini mashinasiz tasavvur gilish qiyin. Rivojlangan mamlakatlarda u nafagat asosiy vosita, balki kundalik hayotning bir qismiga aylandi. Insonning harakat erkinligiga bo'gan tabily istagi, ishlab chigarish Jaoliyat va xizmal korsatish sohasidagt Junkisiyalarning murakkablashishi va nihoyat, katta shaharlarda, shahar aglomeratsiyalarida hayotning o'zi - bularning barchasi shasty foydalanish uchun avtomobillar sonining ko payishiga olib keladi yuk tashish hajmini oshirish.

JISMLARNING ISSIQLIKDAN KENGAYISHI

2024-04-07T00:15:28-06:00

Ushbu maqolada issiqlik kengayishi, hajm va chiziqli kengayish koeffitsiyentlari bilan ifodalanadi. Maʼlum hajmdagi jism bir daraja isitilganda uning hajmi ortishi hajm kengayish koeffitsiyenti, maʼlum uzunlikdagi jism bir daraja isitilganda uning uzunligi ortishi chiziqli kengayish koeffitsiyenti deb ataladi. Bu koeffitsiyent temperatura oʻzgarishi bilan oʻzgarib turadi.

POMIDORNING O’ZIGA XOS XUSUSIYATLARI

2024-04-07T00:39:27-06:00

Ushbu maqolada pomidor o’simligi hamda uning o’ziga xos xususiyatlari haqida so’z boradi.

ISLAMIC FINANCE AND THE SHADOW ECONOMY: A POTENTIAL SOLUTION?

2024-04-07T00:41:07-06:00

This article explores the potential of Islamic finance as a tool to mitigate the effects of the shadow economy. Islamic finance, grounded in Sharia principles, offers an ethical alternative to conventional financial systems by prohibiting interest and promoting risk-sharing and asset-backed financing. The shadow economy, characterized by unregulated economic activities, poses significant challenges to economic stability and governance. By providing access to formal financial services, Islamic finance could reduce the prevalence of informal economic activities, especially in Muslim-majority countries where such systems are underdeveloped. This article discusses the challenges and opportunities of Islamic finance, its regulatory landscape, and its potential to enhance economic turnover by mobilizing idle funds into productive investments. It argues that while Islamic finance alone cannot address all the complexities of the shadow economy, it can play a crucial role within a broader strategy aimed at legal reform, financial education, and stakeholder collaboration.

NYUTON KO’PYOQLIKLARI VA DARAJALI ALMASHTIRISHLAR

2024-04-07T00:47:55-06:00

Nyuton ko’pyoqligi, Nyuton diagrammalari tushunchalari keltirilgan. Qatorning Nyuton ko’pyoqligi, qatorning Nyuton diagrammasi ta’riflari berilgan. Darajali almashtirishlarning ta’riflari va ularning ayrim xossalari keltirib o’tilgan. Shuningdek, Nyuton ko’pyoqliklariga doir misollar ham qaralgan.

SPECIFIC FEATURES OF VIRTUAL DISCOURSE

2024-04-07T00:49:51-06:00

The following article discusses the problems of virtual discourse, one of the most important problems of modern speech. Since the approach to virtual speech is not clear in the theoretical linguistics literature, examining this issue stands out as having a special importance in language education today. This study also discusses virtual discourse and its features today.

THE FEATURES OF A POLIPHONIC NOVEL AS A LITERARY WORK

2024-04-07T00:52:43-06:00

In this article highlights a polyphonic novel as a literary work that contains numerous unique voices, views, and tales. Several researchers have investigated polyphonic novels. Mikhail Bakhtin, Gerard Genette, and Patricia Waugh are among the most well-known scholars. These researchers have all investigated the use of several voices, viewpoints, and storylines in polyphonic novels and how it impacts the reader's comprehension of the book.

BUDJET TASHKILOTLARIDA DAVLAT XARIDINI SAMARALI TASHKIL ETISH PRINTSIPLARI VA RIVOJLANGAN DAVLATLARDAGI STATISTIKA HOLATI

2024-04-07T00:57:39-06:00

Davlat xaridlari har doim byudjet mablag'lari orqali resurslarni taqsimlashda muhim jihat bo'lib kelgan. Bu tashkilot tomonidan belgilangan maqsadlarni sifat, narx va vaqtning eng yaxshi kombinatsiyasida amalga oshirish uchun tovarlar, ishlar va xizmatlarni sotib olish jarayonidir.

ПРОФИЛАКТИКА РАЗВИТИЯ САХАРНОГО ДИАБЕТА 2 ТИПА

2024-04-07T01:00:09-06:00

Профилактика сахарного диабета 2 типа и осложнений актуальные проблемы современной медицины. У пациентов с индексом массы тела (ИМТ) выше 25 кг/ м2 показатели маркеров углеводного обмена ( глюкоза сыворотки крови - на тощак и постпрандиальная гликемия , гликозилированный гемоглобин и глюкоза мочи ) и липидного обмена - общий холестерин ( ОХ ), триглицериды (ТГ), липидограмма ( холестерина липопротеидов низкой плотности - ХС ЛПНП , индекс атерогенности - ИА достоверно выше, а ХС липопротеидов высокой плотности - ХС ЛПВП значимо ниже, чем у пациентов с нормальными показателями индекса массы тела (ИМТ) и абдоминальным индексом (АИ). Выявлена достоверная положительная связь между возрастом, абдоминальным индексом, ИМТ, ИА , уровнем глюкозы в сыворотке крови . Оценка маркеров углеводного и липидного обмена должны входить в перечень обязательных обследований пациентов в возрасте старше 30 лет, быть строго индивидуальными. Имеется взаимосвязь прогрессирования нарушений углеводного обмена и изменения показателей липидного обмена у обследованных женщин. Население должно быть широко проинформировано о развитии сахарного диабета 2 типа и прогрессирования осложнений .

TIJORAT BANKLARIDA KREDIT PORTFELINI BOSHQARISHNI TAKOMILLASHTIRISH YO'LLARI

2024-04-07T01:05:18-06:00

Kredit portfeli” tijorat banklarining kredit berish imkoniyatlarini ko‘rsatadigan omillardandir. Kredit portfeli to‘g‘ri tashkil etilishi tijorat banklarining samarali faoliyat yuritishi uchun asos hisoblanadi.

ФТОР, БРОМ И ЙОД

2024-04-07T01:07:58-06:00

в организме человека хлор (0,15%) относится к макроэлементам, остальные элементы этой группы (содержание 10-5%) являются микроэлементами. Хлор и йод-незаменимые элементы, остальные-постоянные компоненты тканей. Бром-тяжелая красно-коричневая жидкость. Бромный бугари ядовит. Бром вызывает сильные ожоги при попадании на кожу. Йод-черно-фиолетовое твердое вещество. При нагревании гунафора образует бугиары, которые при охлаждении снова превращаются в кристаллы. Происходит сублимация йода, т. е. переход твердого вещества м в жидкое состояние и образование кристаллов из йода. Молекулы брома и йода неполярны, ковалентны, двухатомны: Br₂ и I₂. Плохо растворим в воде, при этом образует бромистую и йодистую воду (аналог хлорированной воды) соответственно. Хорошо растворяется в органических растворителях — спирте, бензоле, бензине, хлороформе. В броме валентные электроны 5s²5p⁵, в йоде 6s²6p⁵. Отсюда следует вывод, что йод с бромом по химическим свойствам схож с хлором, только свойство вступать в реакцию меньше, чем у хлора. Сравнение характера (активности) их реакции.

TA’LIM METODLARINING DARS SAMARADORLIGINI OSHIRISHDAGI AHAMIYATI

2024-04-07T01:09:38-06:00

Innovatsion ta’lim texnologiyasi o‘quvchining ehtiyoji, qiziqishi, maqsadi, qobiliyati, faolligi va boshqa individual-psixologik xususiyatlarini hisobga olishni taqozo etadi.

DORIVOR O’SIMLIKLAR TAHLILI

2024-04-07T01:11:11-06:00

Dorivor o'simliklarni tahlil qilish uzoq tarixga ega, ayniqsa o'simliklar sifatini baholashda. Birinchi usullar ta'm, hid va tashqi ko'rinishning jismoniy sezgilaridan foydalangan holda organoleptik edi. Keyin asta-sekin ular yanada takomillashtirilgan instrumental usullarga olib keldi. Turli mamlakatlarda o'zlarining an'anaviy dori-darmonlari mavjud bo'lsa-da, Xitoy hozirda dorivor o'simliklarni tahlil qilish bo'yicha nashrlar soni va ularning farmakopeyasiga kiritilganlar soni bo'yicha yetakchilik qilmoqda. Ushbu nashrlardagi monografiyalarda amalga oshiriladigan tahlil turiga oid ko'rsatmalar berilgan va ishlab chiqaruvchilar uchun bu odatda tobora takomillashib borayotgan asboblarga kirishni talab qiladi. Biz analitik tahlilning ko'plab sohalarida, xususan xromatografik va spektroskopik usullarning rivojlanishi va ushbu usullar orasidagi o'tkazmalarning rivojlanishiga guvoh bo'lamiz. Ko'p o'lchovli tahlil dasturi yordamida ma'lumotlarni qayta ishlash qobiliyati metabolomikaga eshiklarni ochdi va bizga dorivor o'simliklarda uchraydigan kimyoviy birikmalarning ko'p navlarini tushunish uchun ko'proq imkoniyatlar yaratdi, bu bizga nafaqat o'simliklar va dorilar sifatiga, balki ularning klinik tadqiqotlar uchun yaroqliligiga ham ko'proq ishonch hosil qilish imkonini beradi. Texnologiyani takomillashtirish o'simliklarni samarali tahlil qilish va tasniflash, ifloslantiruvchi moddalar va iflosliklarni juda past konsentratsiyalarda aniqlash imkonini berdi. Biroq, texnologik taraqqiyot bizga o'simlik tarkibiy qismlariga asoslangan yuqori sifatli dori-darmonlarni yaratish uchun zarur bo'lgan barcha savollarga javob bera olmaydi va sifatni baholashning an'anaviy usullari bugungi kunda ham muhim bo'lib qolmoqda.

ОСОБЕННОСТИ ИННОВАЦИОННОЙ ПОЛИТИКИ ИРАНА

2024-04-07T01:13:09-06:00

Данная статья посвящена национальной политике Исламской республики Иран в области науки, технологий и инноваций. Несмотря на экономические санкции, наложенные на Иран, страна демонстрирует удивительные результаты достижения нанотехнологий в приоритетных областях, включая здравоохранение, водные ресурсы и окружающую среду, энергетику и строительство.

GAVHARSHODBEGIM MAJMUASINING TARIXIY VA MADANIY AHAMIYATI

2024-04-07T01:15:56-06:00

Mazkur maqolada Temuriylar avlodining malikalaridan hisoblanmish Gavharshodbegimga atab Eronning Mashhad shahrida barpo etilgan majmuaning tarixiy va madaniy ahamiyati haqida so‘z boradi.

MATEMATIKA FANIGA O`QUVCHILARNING QIZIQISHINI ORTTIRISH

2024-04-07T01:19:36-06:00

Ushbu maqolada matematika fanida axborot texnologiyalarining ahamiyati haqida ilmiy fikrlar bayon etiladi. Ilmiy fikrlar faktlarga asoslanib xulosalanadi.

ERRORS AND MISTAKES IN LANGUAGE LEARNING

2024-04-07T01:22:31-06:00

Recent research in applied linguistics emphasizes the significance of learners' errors in second language learning. In this article, major types of errors in second language learning are first briefly mentioned. This is followed by tracing the sources of second language learning errors to both interlingual and intralingual or developmental factors. While interlingual errors are caused mainly by mother tongue interference, intra- 'lingual or developmental errors originate in the following factors: simplification, overgeneralization, hypercorrection, faulty teaching, fossilization, avoidance, inadequate learning, and false concepts hypothesized. The article concludes with some general guidelines for teachers in correcting errors in second language learning.

PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS IN LANGUAGE LEARNING

2024-04-07T01:24:25-06:00

Psychological factor is a factor that is mentally or spiritually concerned with the aspects in students' acquisition. At least, four of many factors, such as anxiety, attitude, aptitude, and motivation influence the students' process of language acquisition

MOLECULAR BASIS OF THE FUNCTIONING OF THE CYTOKINE SYSTEM AND ANTICYTOKINE THERAPY FOR RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS

2024-04-07T01:27:34-06:00

The cytokine system is a universal, polymorphic, regulatory network of mediators designed to control the processes of proliferation, differentiation and functional activity of cellular elements in the hematopoietic, immune and other homeostatic systems of the body. One of the important issues in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is the role of innate immune mechanisms in the development of autoimmune inflammation. The purpose of the study is to highlight the role of cytokines in the pathogenesis and improve anti-cytokine therapy. The material for the study was DNA samples from RA patients and healthy individuals of the therapeutic department No. 1 of the multidisciplinary clinic No. 1 of Samara State Medical University. The patient group consisted of 49 people aged 25-45 years and the control group, 71 practically healthy individuals. It has been established that the cytokine system is a polymorphic structure and in the formation of its polymorphism such a mechanism as allelic polymorphism is important. The presented results of clinical and laboratory studies show the development of torpidity to methotrexate therapy in subgroups of patients in both groups. Thus, the use of anti-cytokine therapy is a major advance in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.

CROSS-LINGUISTIC PERSPECTIVES ON COLOUR TERMINOLOGY

2024-04-07T01:29:27-06:00

This article explores the diversity and universality of colour terminology across different languages and cultures. Drawing from a wide range of cross-linguistic studies, it examines how various communities name and categorize colours, revealing deep insights into human perception, cognition, and cultural significance attached to colours. The study begins by outlining the historical evolution of colour naming, referencing Brent Berlin and Paul Kay's seminal work on basic colour terms, and expands on it by incorporating recent research from linguistics, anthropology, and cognitive science. The core of the analysis focuses on the variability of colour terms, highlighting how some languages have numerous words for colours that might be encompassed by a single term in another language. This linguistic diversity is contextualized within each culture's unique environment, traditions, and needs, showing that colour terminology extends beyond mere perception to encapsulate cultural identity and worldview.

Moreover, the article delves into the cognitive processes underlying colour perception and naming, discussing whether language shapes colour cognition or vice versa. It debates the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis in the context of colour, presenting evidence from comparative studies that suggest a bidirectional relationship between linguistic categorization and colour perception. "Cross-Linguistic Perspectives on Colour Terminology" underscores the complexity and richness of colour naming across languages. It argues for a more nuanced understanding of the interplay between language, thought, and culture in shaping our perception of the colourful world around us. The findings have implications for the fields of linguistics, anthropology, psychology, and artificial intelligence, offering avenues for further research on the universal and culture-specific aspects of colour and language.

ANDIJON SHAHRI HUDUDIGA KIRIB KELUVCHI OQIMLARNI METODOLOGIK TAHLILI

2024-04-07T01:31:14-06:00

Andijon viloyatdagi avtotransportlar soni 2018-2023 yillar mobaynida 42 % ortgan (1-rasm). Bu albatta shahar hududidagi transportlar oqimiga to‘g‘ridan to‘g‘ri ta’sir etib, shahar ekologiyasini yomonlashtirishga olib keladi. Shu bilan birgalida jamoat transportlarining erkin harakatiga, ekspluatatsion tezligiga yo‘nalishlardagi chorraxalardagi tirbandlilarni keltirib chiqaradi.

XALQARO YUKLARNING TASHILISHINI AXBOROT BILAN TA’MINLASH

2024-04-07T01:35:39-06:00

Demokratik jamiyatda transport siyosati bir-biridan farq qiladigan manfaatlar ta’sirida bo’ladi. Shuning uchun jamiyatdagi mavjud tendenstiyalarni o’z vaqtida anglab olib, o’rta muddatli va istiqbolli rejalarni belgilash, juda muhim hisoblanadi.

TAQSIMOT LOGISTIKASINING MAQSADI VA VAZIFALARI

2024-04-07T01:37:16-06:00

Jahon savdosining doimiy rivojlanishi transport bozorlarida, shu jumladan mamlakatimiz transport tizimida tub oʻzgarishlarni talab qiladi. Xorij tajribasi transportli xizmat koʻrsatish muammolariga boʻlgan etiborni dolzarbligini koʻrsatadi. Bozor iqtisodiyoti sharoitida rivojlangan mamlakatlarda transport xizmat koʻrsatishni rivojlantirish quyidagilarga asoslanadi: yuk tashish hajmini kengaytirish; yetkazishni oʻrtacha masofasini koʻpaytirish va xalqaro tashishni hissasini oʻsishi; sifat javobgarligini oshirish; tashkilotlar oʻrtasida tashish hajmini oʻsishi; ommaviy yuklar hajmini kamaytirish va konteynerlarda donali yuklarni hajmini koʻpaytirish; yuk koʻtarish koeffitsiyentini oshirish; maxsus tarkibdagi yuklarni tashish hajmini oshirish; transport jarayonlarini boshqarish va tashishni tashkillashtirishda logistik yondoshuvlarga ega boʻlish [1-4].

LOGISTIKA YANGILIKLARINING KORXONALARDA IQTISODIY USTUVORLIKNI TA’MINLASHDAGI O’RNI

2024-04-07T01:39:28-06:00

Korxonaning logistika tizimi turli elementlarni birlashtiradigan eng murakkab va ayni paytda yaxshi ishlaydigan mexanizmlardan biridir. Ushbu mexanizmning uzluksiz ishlashi, asosan, uning tarkibiy qismlarining har birining aniq ishlashi bilan belgilanadi, unda ishlatiladigan usul va texnologiyalarning mukammalligi boʻlib, shuning uchun har bir korxonada logistikani oʻrganish zarurligini bujudga keladi.

KLASTER TIZIMLАRINI TАHLIL VА SINTЕZ QILISHGА TIZIMLI YONDАSHUV

2024-04-07T01:41:19-06:00

Savdo-iqtisodiy bloklarni shakllantirishga qaratilgan birinchi qadam erkin savdo hududlarini yaratishdir. Jahon banki ma‘lumotlariga ko‘ra, 90- yillarning boshida bu hududlarda jahon savdosining taxminan 42 foizi amalga oshirilgan. Eng mashhur hududlar orasida Evropa erkin savdo uyushmasi (EFTA), evropa Ittifoqi (EI), Shimoliy Amerika erkin savdo hududi (NAFTA), Osiyo-Tinch okeani iqtisodiy hamkorlik (APEC) va boshqalar mavjud [1-4].

TRANSPORT TIZIMIDA QOʻLLANILADIGAN TELEMATIK ILOVALAR

2024-04-07T01:43:06-06:00

Zamonaviy telekommunikatsiya tizimlari har qanday masofaga, berilgan sifat parametrlari bilan, turli xabarlarni uzatishni taʼminlovchi har xil texnik vositalarning murakkab majmуasidan iborat [1,2,3]. Telekommunikatsiya tizimlarining asosini, namуnaviy kanallar va traktlarni shakllantirish uchun moʻljallangan, elektrik, tolali optik va radio liniyalari boʻyicha ishlovchi koʻp kanalli uzatish tizimlari tashkil etadi.

TIJORAT BANKLARI FAOLIYATIDA RISKLARNI TARTIBGA SOLISH VA ULARNI KAMAYTIRISHDA MARKAZIY BANKNING O’RNI

2024-04-07T01:47:18-06:00

Ushbu maqolada tijorat banlari risklarini tartibga solish hamda ularni kamaytirishda Markaziy bankning o’rni qandayligi haqida hamda bank riskining tobora kuchayib boryotganda, ayniqsa global moliyaviy-iqtisodiy inqirozlarini oldini olishda Markaziy bank o’rni haqida keltirib o’tilgan. Markaziy bankning tijorat banklar muammosi , faoliyatidagi risklarni boshqarishdagi o`rni.

THE USE OF THE STYLISTIC DEVICE OF SIMILE IN THE ENGLISH LITERATURE

2024-04-07T01:50:05-06:00

In linguistics, there are theoretical assumptions about the use of cliché similes that focus on their role in language production, comprehension, and cultural significance. Some theoretical perspectives suggest that cliché similes serve as cognitive shortcuts that help speakers convey complex ideas quickly and efficiently. They are seen as linguistic formulas that have become ingrained in a language community's collective knowledge and are easily recognized and understood by speakers.

ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ ВЗАИМНОГО ВЛИЯНИЯ ТРИКАРБАМИДОХЛОРАТ НАТРИЯ, АММОНИЙНЫХ СОЛЕЙ 2-ХЛОРЭТИЛФОСФОНОВОЙ И ФОСФОРНОЙ КИСЛОТЫ В ВОДНОЙ СИСТЕМЕ

2024-04-07T01:54:56-06:00

Естественное опадение листьев, старение и созревание хлопчатника начинается тогда, когда уровень антиауксиновых соединений таких как этилен и абсцизовая кислота преобладают над ауксиновыми в растительном организме. В этом аспекте, более перспективным представляется использование в качестве дефолиантов и ускорителей созревания хлопчатника соединения, способных разлагаться в растениях с образованием этилена. Таким соединениям-продуцентам этилена относится 2-хлорэтилфосфоновая кислота и ее производные [1,2].

ESHITISHDA NUQSONI BOʼLGAN MAKTABGACHA YOSHDAGI BOLALARDA SOGʼLOM TURMUSH TARZINI SHAKILLANTIRISH USULLARI.

2024-04-07T01:57:35-06:00

Inson bolasi o`zi tug`ulib o`sgan oilasida ilk bor tarbiya oladi, o`zaro munosabatlarga kirishadi. Uning tarbiyasi ilk bor o`z oilasidagi oila a`zolari bilan muloqotda va o`zaro munosabatlar orqali shakllanadi. Bolaning kelajakda shaxs sifatida shakllanib, komil inson bo`lib yetishuvida, xayotda o`z o`rnini topib ketishadi.

O‘RTA OSIYODA VA O‘ZBEKISTONDA GEOGRAFIYA TA’LIMINING RIVOJLANISH BOSQICHLARI

2024-04-07T01:58:49-06:00

O‘rta Osiyoda geografiya ta’limining rivojlanishi uzoq tarixga ega. O‘rta asrlarda geografiya ta’limining markazi sharqqa ko‘chgan.

THE ROLE OF PRESENT TENSES IN ENGLISH GRAMMAR

2024-04-07T02:01:11-06:00

This study aims to find out the common use of present tenses in the students‟ writings and the difficulties they faced in using those tenses. The students under concern were the first-semester students of the academic year 2016 taking “English 1” subject at Bali STIKOM Regular Program. This study used the theory of English Grammar and theory of Contrastive Analysis. The English Grammar theory was used to identify and analyze the use of present tenses in the students‟ sentences, while the theory of contrastive analysis was used to analyze the students‟ difficulties in using those tenses in their writings. The result of the analysis shows that of the 34 student writings under analysis. 77.4% use simple present tense, 10% present perfect tense, 6.9% present continuous tense, and 5.7% present perfect continuous tense. There are some difficulties faced when using the present tenses. The students seem to ignore the function of the adverb as the basis for deciding the proper forms of the verbs to be used.

WHAT TYPES OF THE LEARNING STYLES

2024-04-07T02:06:05-06:00

You may have heard of the idea that we all respond best to different styles of learning. That is exactly what the seven learning styles theory supports. All of the styles capture an individual strength that likely helps a person retain information more effectively. They each focus on one of the five senses or involve a social aspect.

UZLUKSIZ TA'LIM TIZIMIDA PEDAGOGIK JARAYONLARNI ILMIY ASOSDA TASHKIL ETISH VA BOSHQARISH

2024-04-07T02:09:19-06:00

Maqolada bugungi kundagi uzluksiz ta'lim tizimida tashkil etiladigan va boshqariladigan pedagogik jarayonlarni ilmiy asosda tashkil etish, qo'yilgan maqsadlarga erishish va samaradorlikni ta'minlashda subyektlar faolligini ta'minlash, ularning faoliyatini muvofiqlashtirish, nazorat qilish va obyektiv baholash asosida innovatsion faoliyatni tashkil etish va uning natijaviyligini ta'minlash boshqaruvning qator funksiya va metodlaridan foydalanishni nazarda tutadi.

ПРОБАЦИЯ ХИЗМАТИНИНГ НАЗОРАТДАГИ ШАХСЛАР БИЛАН ИШЛАШ ФАОЛИЯТИНИ ТАШКИЛ ЭТИШДАГИ МАВЖУД МУАММОЛАР

2024-04-07T02:11:10-06:00

Мақолада мамлакатимизда пробация хизмати фаолияти ташкил этилиши зарурияти, ташкил этиш асослари ҳамда мавжуд муаммолар ва уларнинг ечими ҳақида фикр–мулоҳазалар таҳлил қилинган.

SOMONIYLAR DAVLATINING BOSHQARUV TIZIMI VA DAVLAT MANSABLARI

2024-08-15T21:07:11-06:00

Ushbu maqolada Somoniylar davlatining boshqaruv tizimi, davlatda mavjud bo‘lgan mansablar hamda ularning vazifalari, davlat boshqaruvida o‘tkazilgan islohotlarga oid ma’lumotlar keltirib o‘tilgan.